Examining The Discovery Learning Method In Building Critical Thinking Skills In Elementary School Students: Analysis Of Descartes' Philosophy Of Rationalism

Ika Wahyuningsih; Ahmad Arifi

Authors

Ika Wahyuningsih Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarya, Indonesia
Ahmad Arifi Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarya, Indonesia

Keywords:

Discovery Learning, Critical Thinking, Philosophy of Rationalism Descartes

Abstract

One of the higher-order thinking skills needed in the development of 21st Century Skills is critical thinking. The critical thinking ability of Indonesian students is still relatively low due to the selection of inappropriate learning strategies. The ability to think critically, philosophically can be understood through the theory of rationalism philosophy. This study will examine how discovery learning can build the critical thinking skills of elementary/middle school students through the lens of Descartes' rationalism. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with a library research approach. Data collection techniques through documentation. The data analysis technique uses content analysis. Content analysis is used to present the results of the data in a descriptive form and provide an understanding of the relationship between discovery learning and students' critical thinking and assess its relevance to the principles of Descartes' philosophy of rationalism. The results show that all stages in discovery learning have accommodated the critical thinking process. The discovery learning method has stages that are interconnected and intersect with the principles of Descartes' philosophy of rationalism. It can be concluded that Descartes' philosophy of rationalism underlies the discovery learning method in building students' critical thinking skills.

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